![]() The amendment limits the actions of all state and local officials, and also those acting on behalf of such officials. ![]() Hodges (2015) regarding same-sex marriage. Gore (2000) regarding the 2000 presidential election, and Obergefell v. ![]() Wade (1973) regarding abortion ( overturned in 2022), Bush v. Board of Education (1954) regarding racial segregation, Roe v. The amendment, particularly its first section, is one of the most litigated parts of the Constitution, forming the basis for landmark Supreme Court decisions such as Brown v. The amendment was bitterly contested, particularly by the states of the defeated Confederacy, which were forced to ratify it in order to regain representation in Congress. Usually considered one of the most consequential amendments, it addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. Its other provisions outlined rules addressing insurrections against the federal government.The Fourteenth Amendment ( Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. It also counted formerly enslaved people as "whole" persons in population counts, doing away with the three-fifths compromise that counted enslaved people as three-fifths of a person, and expanded voting rights to men age 21 and over. The opening line in the amendment grants citizenship to anyone born in the United States. The use of contraceptives, interracial marriage and the right of adults to engage in consensual sexual intimacy were all found by the Supreme Court to be protected in part by the due process clause and the constitutional right to privacy. Hodges case, the Supreme Court ruled that state bans on same-sex marriage violated the due process clause.Ĭapitol Hill reaction: Lawmakers react to Supreme Court ruling to overturn Roe v. ![]() Wade ruling relied on this clause when it concluded that prohibiting abortion violated a right to privacy under the Constitution by restricting a person’s ability to choose whether to have an abortion. Due process has been used by the Supreme Court to strike down state legislation that restricts personal liberties and interests not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, such as the right to privacy. The 14th Amendment also establishes the right to due process at the state level. The 14th Amendment’s due process clause and the constitutional 'right to privacy' It was also invoked in a 1978 affirmative action case in which the Supreme Court found that race could be one of several criteria in higher education admissions but that the use of race as the sole basis for admissions decisions violated the equal protection clause. Board of Education ruling found that racial segregation of public schools imposed by law by some states at the time violated the equal protection clause. The clause has been invoked in major Supreme Court rulings involving civil rights. The first section of the amendment contains the clause popularly known as the “equal protection” clause, which requires that everyone must be equally protected and equally treated under the law. Wade decision What is the 14th Amendment’s equal protection clause? Protesters gather outside the Supreme Court in Washington on Tuesday, May 3, 2022, after a draft Supreme Court opinion published by Politico on Monday suggested the court is considering a decision that would overturn the landmark 1973 Roe v. The 14th Amendment to the Constitution largely expanded protections of rights for citizens at the state level. It was adopted in 1868 during the Reconstruction Era after the Civil War, aiming to protect rights of formerly enslaved people in the South who were subject to new discriminatory state laws. Searchable database: Abortion laws by state What is the 14th Amendment? SCOTUS decision on NY gun law: Supreme Court strikes down NY gun law, making it easier for Americans to carry handguns Wade overturned Aftermath of Supreme Court abortion decision Now, states have the authority to make abortion illegal.Īs the country grapples with the decision, many are revisiting the provisions in the Constitution the court had relied upon to hand down the 1973 ruling that was just struck down. Wade ruling that made most laws prohibiting abortion unconstitutional. In a 6-3 decision, the Supreme Court voted to overturn the Roe v. The constitutional right to abortion has been eliminated.
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